Quran Chapter 2- 178a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-207) - درس قرآن
Retribution of Murder – Capital Punishment
Surah
‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)
‘A-‘uu-zu Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُٱلْقِصَاصُ فِى ٱلْقَتْلَى ٱلْحُرُّ بِٱلْحُرِّ وَٱلْعَبْدُ بِٱلْعَبْدِ وَٱلْأُنثَىٰ بِٱلْأُنثَىٰ (178a)
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178a. O ye who believe! Retaliation is
prescribed for you in the matter of the murdered; the freeman for the
freeman, and the slave for the slave, and the female for the female.
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178a.
Yaaa-‘ayyuhallaziina ‘aa- manuu kutiba
‘alaykumul-Qisaasu fil-qatlaa. ‘Al-hurru bil-hurri
wal-‘abdu bil-‘abdi wal-‘unsaa bil-‘unsaa.
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Commentary
Qatlaa – (the murdered
person), particularly that individual, who is killed intentionally and
purposely by someone.
Qisaasun – (Retaliation)
that is to say, for taking the revenge against any crime keeping it in
equality/balance. According to the Divine’s Law, technically the murderer will
be killed or if anybody has injured to some other person, he will be punished
with the wound at the same scale and the same part of the body.
Kutiba ‘alaykum – (prescribed
for you) the literal meaning of the word kutiba is ‘written’.
Due to use of the word ‘alaa with it, now it means
‘prescribed’ and ‘obliged to do under regulations’.
During the times of
darkness before Islam, it was a custom in the Arabians that if any person from
any higher family was killed, they used to kill many persons from the family of
murderer. If any slave was killed from the higher family, they used to kill any
freeman from the family of killer whether the killer would also be a slave
because they considered that the respect of higher family’s slave was equal to
the freeman of a lower family; also it was more than that. So instead of
killing the slave, any freeman was killed as revenge. Then if any female was
killed from the higher family by a female from the lower family, the heirs of
the murdered female used to kill any male of that lower family leaving the
murderer female. Because they used to think that their female was equal to the
male of lower family.
Holy Qur’an finished this
racial distinction and difference, and commanded that being humankind, entire
people are equal, their lives are alike, whether any individual is rich or
poor, noble or mean, scholar or illiterate, young or old, healthy or ailing,
male or female. If any female kills any male then only that woman should be
killed. Because her life is equal to that male’s life. If any slave is the
killer then only he will be killed. If any mean person has murdered then in the
retaliation that mean person will be killed only, not any other individual.
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