Islamic brotherhood - Quran Chapter 8 – 72a (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1131) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 72a (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1131) - درس قرآن

Islamic brotherhood

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

       إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَهَاجَرُوا۟ وَجَٰهَدُوا۟ بِأَمْوَٰلِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَوا۟ وَّنَصَرُوٓا۟أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ بَعْضٍ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَلَمْ يُهَاجِرُوا۟ مَا لَكُم مِّن وَلَٰيَتِهِم مِّن شَىْءٍ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُوا۟ وَإِنِ ٱسْتَنصَرُوكُمْ فِى ٱلدِّينِ فَعَلَيْكُمُٱلنَّصْرُ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ قَوْمٍۭ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ 72

72a.  Lo! those who believed and left their homes and strove with their wealth and their lives for the Cause of Allah, and those who took them in and helped them, these are protecting friends one of another.

72a.  ‘Innal-laziina  ‘aamanuu    wa  haajaruu  wa  jaahaduu  bi-‘amwaa-lihim  wa  ‘anfu-sihim  fii  Sabii-LIllaahi  wallaziina  ‘aawaw-wa  nasaruuu  ‘ulaaa-‘ika  ba’-zuhum  ‘awli-yaaa-‘u  ba’-z.

Commentary

‘Aawaw – (took in), it is a past tense, which has been derived from the word maawaa. Maawaa means “residence, dwelling, abode”. ‘Iiwaa-‘un means “to provide place for living to someone else”. 

At that time, the Muslims had been divided at two places. Some had come in Madinah with the Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) after migration from Makkah, whereas some of them were staying still there and used to live together with the Infidels of Makkah. In this part of the verse; their relationship has been described which was required to be among the Muslims of Madinah mutually.

It is commanded that those people who believed, then migrated to Madinah and left their homes, and endowed their wealth and lives (both) for the Cause of God Almighty + (plus) those local Muslims of Madinah; who provided place and all other necessities of life for living to the Immigrants of Makkah, these both kinds of people are protecting friends and supporters one of another.

First kind of Muslims are called Muhajir (one who quits his native land), who accompanied the Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) on His departure from Makkah to Madinah. Second kind of people is; those Muslims who are original inhabitants of Madinah. They are called “Ansaar”.

It has been described in this verse that these both groups make One collective community altogether. Their internal and external relations will be run on the same one way. Internal management will be one for all. In the beginning, Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) arranged this form that one Muhajir was made brother of one Ansaari, to such degree that an Ansaari handed over his one half wealth to his Muhajir brother and kept with him the second half.

These both persons were heirs mutually of each other too. That is to say; the Muslims of Madinah used to bring every matter to a conclusion with cooperation mutually. Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) was their Leader, Chieftain and a Guide. Their Law was Holy Qur’an. If they had to make a treaty of peace with any external tribe, that was collective and if they used to fight; it was also collectively. There was no difference of opinion into them in any matter.   

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/6--ghDAxNuM

Promise of forgiveness - Quran Chapter 8 – 70 & 71 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1130) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 70 & 71 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1130) - درس قرآن

Promise of forgiveness

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

                                                                                           

   يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ قُل لِّمَن فِىٓ أَيْدِيكُم مِّنَ ٱلْأَسْرَىٰٓإِن يَعْلَمِ ٱللَّهُ فِى قُلُوبِكُمْ خَيْرًا يُؤْتِكُمْ خَيْرًا مِّمَّآ أُخِذَ مِنكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ 70

 وَإِن يُرِيدُوا۟ خِيَانَتَكَ فَقَدْ خَانُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ مِنقَبْلُ فَأَمْكَنَ مِنْهُمْ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ 71

70.  O Prophet! Say unto those captives who are in your hands:  If Allah knoweth any good in your hearts He will give you better than that which hath been taken from you, and will forgive you. And lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. 71.  And if they would betray thee, they have betrayed Allah before, and He gave (thee) power over them. And Allah is Knower, Wise.

70.  Yaaa-‘ayyuhan-Nabiyyu  qul-li-man-  fiii  ‘aydiikum-minal-‘asraaa,  ‘iny-ya’-laMIllaahu  fii  quluu-bikum  khay-rany-yu’-tikum  khayram-mim-maaa  ‘ukhiza  minkum  wa  yagfir-lakum.  WAllaahu  Gafuurur-Rahiim. 71.  Wa  ‘iny-yuriiduu  khiyaanataka  faqad  khaanUllaaha  min-  qablu  fa-‘amkana  minhum.  WAllaahu  ‘Aliimun  Hakiim.

Commentary

Allah Almighty commands: O Prophet (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him)! Those captives who have been captured by the Muslims in the Battle of Badr, and some of them who desire to enter in Islam, You should say to them! At this time, you can be freed from imprisonment only after paying the ransom. This is not the occasion of knowing about the reality of your Islam. You should deposit the ransom if you wish to go to your homes. After that God Almighty will examine you. If you entered in Islam really, wholeheartedly, and your intentions are observed fair, then He will give you too much that; comparing to which; this money; which you are going to pay as ransom for saving your lives, will be valueless. And along with it, He will forgive your previous errors and past sins also, because; as He is Forgiving, He is Merciful too. And He does not delay in Forgiving.

And if, O Prophet (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him)! The evil is in their hearts and at this time; they wish to accomplish their desires by betraying you, then it is not a big matter. They have betrayed God Almighty even in the past and broken their covenant after making it.

At first; they broke the covenant which was made by their souls i.e. when God Almighty asked from the entire human souls: Am I not your Lord? They all replied! You are our Lord. After coming in this world, they denied from accepting Him their Lord and involved in infidelity and ascribing plurality to Him.

Then, some of them are such people who are Banu Hashim and they promised before Abu Talib {paternal uncle of Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him)}: We shall support and side with Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) against the Infidels of Makkah. And today, they have come with the idolaters of Makkah to fight against You; breaking their treaty. God Almighty knows that which is in their hearts and He understands: How to deal with every individual. He will handle them properly.

Such covenant made by God Almighty was fulfilled. Those people who embraced Islam; their children performed as kings in the world. But those people, who did not become Muslims; they were destroyed.    

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/w98XvD2QRV8

Greed of wealth is cause of torment - Quran Chapter 8 – 68 & 69 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1129) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 68 & 69 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1129) - درس قرآن

Greed of wealth is cause of torment

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

      لَّوْلَا كِتَٰبٌ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَآأَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ 68

 فَكُلُوا۟ مِمَّا غَنِمْتُمْ حَلَٰلًا طَيِّبًا وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ 69

68.  Had it not been for an ordinance of Allah which had gone before, an awful doom had come upon you on account of what ye took.  69.  Now enjoy what ye have won, as lawful and good, and keep your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

68.  Law-laa  kitaabum-mi-nAllaahi  sabaqa  lamassakum  fiimaaa  ‘akhaztum  ‘azaabun  ‘aziim. 69.  Fakuluu  mimmaa  ganimtum  halaalan  tayyibaa.  WattaqUllaah.  ‘InnAllaaha  Gafuurur-Rahiim.

Commentary

It was explained earlier that Muslims should not think about temporary benefits of the world, but they should meditate about its result before doing every work. If the people of Makkah had won against Islam, it would be meant that the freedom of the power of human’s thinking would be crushed. Practical consequence of which would be that whosoever desired, had chosen the tenet of operating others with force; by collecting apparent power, own disciples and followers, wealth and riches, war equipment and munitions etc. and the Peace would have been lost from the world. And only this pastime would have prevailed that everyone had to think about other people and keep them under own influence.

But God Almighty finalized this decision in the Holy Qur’an that you should ruin the enemies of the freedom of human conscience. Being kind on them is just like destroying the humanity and introducing the law of bestiality.

God Almighty commands in this verse that freeing the captives after getting ransom was too much big mistake at such occasion that a very stern torment could come, because concession with those who break the principles of human nature; is a strong reason of mandatory punishment. If the anguish has not come, then its reason is that Allah Almighty has already decided. And those decisions have been hindering at this time against the anguish from God Almighty, which are as under:

·         This favor with the captives was not shown intentionally, because Allah Almighty had not commanded about it clearly that after getting ransom; freeing the captives is forbidden. So, it was an error during diligence; and there is no punishment due to error in diligence.

·         The torment will not be sent in the presence of the Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him).

·         The anguish will not come upon those people who beg pardon of God Almighty.

The Muslims were afraid of so much big menace and considered that they should not touch the wealth; which they received as ransom. Therefore, next; it is commanded: This error was not committed intentionally, so it is forgiven. That is good and lawful for you which you have already taken. Use it as you wish; and keep your duty to Allah Almighty in future. Have fear of God’s wrath. Beg pardon of Allah Almighty for that error which you have committed unknowingly. Be hopeful of the Mercy of God Almighty and believe that He forgives the sins and errors of those who repent and ask for His Mercy. And He bestows His blessing on His obedient servants.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/J269QtMWXxI

Show them at first your might - Quran Chapter 8 – 67 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1128) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 67 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1128) - درس قرآن

Show them at first your might

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

 مَا كَانَ لِنَبِىٍّ أَن يَكُونَ لَهُۥٓأَسْرَىٰ حَتَّىٰ يُثْخِنَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ٱلْءَاخِرَةَ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ 67

67.  It is not for any Prophet to have captives until he hath made slaughter in the land. Ye desire the lure of this world and Allah desireth (for you) the Hereafter. And Allah is Mighty, Wise.

67.  Maa  kaana  li-Nabiyyin  ‘any-yakuuna  lahuuu  ‘asraa  hattaa  yus-khina  fil-‘arz.  Turiiduuna  ‘arazad-dunyaa,  wAllaahu  yuriidul-‘Aakhirah.  WAllaahu  ‘Aziizun  Hakiim.

Commentary

‘Asraa – (captives, prisoners), this word is plural of ‘asiir, which is a section of Adjectives, and it has been derived from ‘asrun. ‘Asrun means “to prison, to arrest, to capture”. ‘Asiir means “a captive, a prisoner”.

Yus-khina – (should tyrannize or make slaughter), this word is from ‘is-khaan, which is made from sakhan. Sakhan means “cruelty, strictness, severity and affliction”. ‘Iskhaan means “to tyrannize, to oppress”. Here it aims “after getting an opportunity, at first, one should inspire the enemy with fear, so that the quarrelsome and rebellious people cease violence and by taking it warning; they leave the stubborn”.

In the Battle of Badr, seventy grandeur chieftains of Qureish were killed by Muslims and their seventy great people were arrested by the Muslims. At that time, a decision was required that “how the captives must be treated? Whether they should be set free after taking wealth or be slaughtered?

In this connection; the Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) asked His Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) about their opinion. Majority of them said: The captive should be released after getting compensation. But Umar and Sa’-d bin Ma-‘aaz (may God be pleased with them) gave their opinion that these people have troubled the Muslims very much, if they are left alive, they will set up any temptation against the Muslims again. But mostly people of them did not consider it suitable that they must be slain, because, later on possibly some of them may embrace Islam. Some people gave their opinion; being kind naturally that they should be forgiven after receiving ransom money. Some of them thought that the Muslims need wealth and economic goods this time, it would be better if they are released after taking money.

Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) decided that everyone must be set free after taking compensation against life. Therefore, they acted upon this decision. But; because it was against the political expediency, so this verse was revealed and they were informed that such deed was not good.

Badr was first Battle of Muslims. It was demand of political prudence that such tormentor enemy must be punished more severely, due to which, no vicious person may interrupt in safety and peace of the world in future. And it was commanded that “taking possession of wealth may be useful a little and only for a few days, but consequence of setting the enemies free is not good. So, although some of them embraced Islam, but maximum of them attacked next year again and seventy Muslims were martyred (in the Battle of ‘Uhud). Allah Almighty saved the Muslims from manifest defeat with His Mercy, otherwise they had arranged for themselves complete destruction.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/5RnlJMbXrtQ

Fight enemy who are double in numbers - Quran Chapter 8 – 66 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1127) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 66 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1127) - درس قرآن

Fight enemy who are double in numbers

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

    ٱلْـَٰٔنَ خَفَّفَ ٱللَّهُ عَنكُمْ وَعَلِمَ أَنَّ فِيكُمْ ضَعْفًافَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُم مِّا۟ئَةٌ صَابِرَةٌ يَغْلِبُوا۟ مِا۟ئَتَيْنِ وَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُمْ أَلْفٌ يَغْلِبُوٓا۟ أَلْفَيْنِ بِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱللَّهُ مَعَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ 66

66.  Now hath Allah lightened your burden, for He knoweth that there is weakness in you. So if there be of you a hundred steadfast they shall overcome two hundred, and if there be of you a thousand (steadfast) they shall overcome two thousand by permission of Allah. And Allah is with the steadfast.

66.  ‘Al-‘aana  khafa-fAllaahu  ‘ankum  wa  ‘alima  ‘anna  fiikum  za’-faa.  Fa-‘iny-yakum-minkum-mi-‘atun-  Saabiratuny-yaglibuu  mi-‘atayn.  Wa  ‘inyyakum-minkum  ‘alfuny-yaglibuuu  ‘al-fayni  bi-‘IznIllaah.  WAllaahu  ma-‘as-Saabiriin.

Commentary

Saabiratun – (the steadfast person), it is a subject from the feminine, derived from the word sabar. Its masculine is Saabir, plural of which is Saabiriin. Sabar means “patience, endurance, and forbearance”. Neither being confused or agitated in difficulty and nor making a noise, is called Sabar. To continue trying to get something and leaving it not due to difficulties; is called sabar too. Doing and speaking good always; ceasing not intentionally this practice is also Sabar.

In the previous verse, there was a form of news, but in fact, there was given an order that the Muslims should not run away from fighting the ten-fold enemies against them. At that time, the Muslims had strong Belief and they were passionate. It was easy for them to obey such command. So, they used to obey, and God Almighty supported them; observing their endurance and firmness, and He caused to grow up their efforts.

After that, when; with the passage of time, those people had been aged, become feeble and weak, such tumult and passion, which did exist in the people earlier to them; fell somewhat and was not seen in new people and generation, then after observing their condition, their burden was lightened and the first command was changed. The same has been explained in this verse.

It is commanded: Because you have become lazier than early and now you are not more courageous as those people who were before you, therefore, certainly the first command would be unpleasant for you. Well! Now you are instructed that you should not run away from the front of your enemies who are double in power than you. You should be steadfast before them with bravery. If you would show courage, the help of God Almighty will be with you and you will achieve victory.

With effect from, the time after the Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), this command is set up even today that if the Muslims’ manpower and strength is half than the enemy, the Muslims should face them bravely and should not run away showing the enemy back. If they did not do so, then they would be sinners.

It is the grade of the concession, but if the enemy is more powerful than double from the Muslims, and they (the Muslims) continue fighting against them; having trust in the help of Allah Almighty, then its degree is certainly higher.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/dXi1_GoMBZI