War against those who break the treaty of Peace - Quran Chapter 4-90b & 91 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-581) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 90b & 91 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-581) - درس قرآن

War against those who break the treaty of Peace

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىٰ قَوْمٍۭ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ أَوْ جَآءُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْأَن يُقَٰتِلُوكُمْ أَوْ يُقَٰتِلُوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ وَلَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَلَقَٰتَلُوكُمْ فَإِنِ ٱعْتَزَلُوكُمْ فَلَمْ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمْ وَأَلْقَوْا۟ إِلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُلَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلًا 90

سَتَجِدُونَ ءَاخَرِينَ يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَأْمَنُوكُمْ وَيَأْمَنُوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ كُلَّ مَا رُدُّوٓا۟ إِلَى ٱلْفِتْنَةِ أُرْكِسُوا۟ فِيهَا فَإِن لَّمْ يَعْتَزِلُوكُمْوَيُلْقُوٓا۟ إِلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ وَيَكُفُّوٓا۟ أَيْدِيَهُمْ فَخُذُوهُمْ وَٱقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ ثَقِفْتُمُوهُمْ وَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكُمْ جَعَلْنَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَٰنًا مُّبِينًا 91

90b.  So, if they hold aloof from you and wage not war against you and offer you peace, then Allah has alloweth you no way against them. 91.  Ye will find others who desire that they should have security from you, and security from their own folk. So often as they are returned to hostility they are plunged therein. If they keep not aloof from you nor offer you peace nor hold their hands, then take them and kill them wherever ye find them. And against them We have given you clear warrant.

90b.  Fa-‘ini’-taza-luukum  falam  yuqaa-tiluukum  wa  ‘al-qaw-  ‘ilay-ku-mus-salama,  famaa  ja-‘alAllaahu  lakum  ‘alay-him  sabiilaa. 91.  Sataji-duuna  ‘aakhariina  yuriiduuna  ‘any-ya’-manuukum  wa  ya’-manuu  qawmahum.  Kullamaa  rudduuu  ‘ilal-fitnati  ‘urkisuu  fiihaa.  Fa-‘illam  ya’-taziluukum  wa  yulquuu  ‘ilay-kumus-salama  wa  yakuffuuu  ‘ay-diyahum  fakhuzuuhum  waq-tuluuhum  haysu  saqif-tumuuhum.  Wa  ‘ulaaa-‘ikum  ja-‘alNaa  lakum  ‘alay-him  sultaanam-mubiinaa.

Commentary

‘I’-taza-luukum -  (they hold aloof from you). It is from ‘i’-tizaal, which is from ‘azala. ‘Azala means ‘to hold aloof, to remain separate, to avoid from troubling someone’. Ma’-zuul has also been derived from it. 

‘As-salama – (peace, truce), Islam, tasliim and many other words have come out from it. It means ‘wish of safety (for self and others), giving shelter’. Here the word ‘As-salama has been used also for friendship and union besides the word peace.

Saqif-tumuuhum – (you find them). The substance of this word is saqiif, which means ‘to find, to acquire’. Its aim is that whenever the war is declared, then you should kill the enemy wherever you find him. Mind it that this order is not for the common days of peace, but only in the condition of war.

It has been described in this verse that if these people remain bound after the treaty of truce, give up fighting and remain in peace, then you are not permitted to narrow them. After that, another group of hypocrite infidels has been discussed. These are the people, who neither want to fight against you, nor against their own nation. They make a covenant with you that they will not make a war on you. But when they observe that your enemies have been increasing, then they do not regard your articles of agreement and join your enemies. If such people come to break the covenant and begin rigidity, then you should also fight and destroy them, wherever you find them, because you have a perfect reason against them that they have become faithless to their covenant.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/DJbLIE_VaeE